ب ش ر

بشّرهُ (S, A, Msb, &c.,) the form used by the Arabs in general, (Msb,) inf. n. تَبْشِيرٌ ; (S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ↓ بَشَرَهُ , aor. بَشُرَ , (S, Mgh, Msb,) of the dial. of Tihámeh and the adjacent parts, (Msb,) inf. n. بَشْرٌ and بُشُورٌ (S, K) and بُشْرٌ , (TA,) or this last is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and ↓ ابشرهُ ; (S, A, Mgh, K;) and ↓ استبشرهُ ; (K, TA;) are syn.; (S, K, &c.;) originally signifying He announced to him an event which produced a change in his بَشَرَة [or complexion]: and hence, (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee,) he announced to him an event which rejoiced him: (A, El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) so in common acceptation [when not restricted by an adjunct that denotes its having a different meaning: see بُشْرَى and an ex. below in this paragraph]: (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee:) or he rejoiced him [by an annunciation]: (Msb:) and he announced to him an event which grieved him: [or he grieved him by an annunciation:] both these significations are proper. (El-Fakhr Er-Rázee.) You say, بشّرهُ بِالأَمْرِ [generally meaning He rejoiced him by the annunciation of the event]; and بِهِ ↓ بَشَرَهُ , aor. and inf. ns. as above; &c. (TA.) And بَشَّرْتُهُ بِمَوْلُودٍ [I rejoiced him by the annunciation of a new-born child]. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 20, &c.], بَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ [Grieve thou them by the annunciation, or denunciation, of a painful punishment]. (S.) You say also, of a she-camel, بَشَّرَتْ بِاللَّقَاحِ , meaning (assumed tropical:) She made it known that she had begun to be pregnant. (TA. [See also 4.])

باشر المَرْأَةَ , (K, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, TA) and بِشَارٌ , (TA,) He was, or became, in contact with the woman, skin to skin: (TA:) he enjoyed [contact with] her skin: (Msb:) he became in contact with her, skin to skin, both being within one garment or piece of cloth: (K:) he lay with her, [skin to skin; or in the sense of] inivit eam: (S, K:) i. q. وَطِيءَهَا , both فِى الفَرْجِ and خَارِجًا مِنْهُ : (TA:) [and so ↓ بَشَرَهَا inf. n. بَشْرٌ ; for] بَشْرٌ and مُبَاشَرَةٌ are syn. [in the sense of congressus venereus, as is shown by an ex. in the S.]. (S, K.) ― -b2- باشرهُ النَّعِيمُ (tropical:) [Enjoyment attended him; as though it clave to his skin]. (A.) ― -b3- فَبَاشَرُوا رَوْحَ اليَقِينِ , or رُوحَ اليقين , is a metaphorical expression, [app. meaning (tropical:) And they felt the joy and happiness that arise from certainty,] occurring in a trad. of 'Alee. (TA.) ― -b4- باشر الأَمْرَ , (S, A, &c.,) inf. n. مُبَاشَرَةٌ , (S,) (tropical:) He superintended, managed, or conducted, the affair himself, or in his own person: (S, K, TA:) or (tropical:) he was present, himself, at the affair: (A, TA:) or, [properly,] he managed, or conducted, the affair with his بَشَرَة , i. e., his own hand: (Mgh, * Msb:) and hence a later application of the verb in the sense of لَاحَظَ (assumed tropical:) [He regarded, or attended to, the thing, or affair, &c.]. (Msb.)

ابشر : see 1, first sentence, in two places. ― -b2- [Hence,] ابشر الأَمْرُ وَجْهَهُ The affair made his countenance beautiful and bright: in the K we read, أَبْشَرَ الأَمْرَ حَسَّنَهُ وَ نَضَّرَهُ ; but this is a mistake. (TA.) Agreeably with this explanation, AA renders a reading in the Kur [xlii. 22], ذٰلِكَ ا@لَّذِى يُبْشِرُ ا@للّٰهُ عِبَادَهُ , meaning That is it with which God will make beautiful and bright the face of his servants: so in the L. (TA.) ― -b3- See also 2. ― -b4- [Hence,] أَبْشَرَتِ النَّاقَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant: (K:) as though she rejoiced [her owner] by announcing her conception. (TA. [See 2, last sentence.]) ― -b5- And أَبْشَرَتِ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The earth put forth its herbage appearing upon its surface. (S, K.) -A2- See also 1, latter part, in four places.

تَبَشَّرَ see, latter part.

تباشر القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, announced, one to another, a joyful event, or joyful events. (S.) And هُمْ يَتَبَاشَرُونَ بِذٰلِكَ الأَمْرِ They rejoice one another by the annunciation of that event. (TA.)

استبشر : see 1, latter part. -A2- استبشرهُ He demanded of him a reward for an annunciation of joyful tidings. (M.) ― -b2- See also 2.

بُشْرٌ : see بُشْرَى . ― -b2- It is also a contraction of بُشُرٌ , which is pl. of بَشُورٌ (TA) or بَشِيرٌ . (TA in art. نشر .)

بِشْرٌ Cheerfulness, or openness and pleasantness, of countenance: (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA:) and happiness, joy, or gladness. (Har p. 192.) You say, هُوَ حَسَنُ البِشْرِ He is cheerful, or open and pleasant, in countenance. (S.)

بَشَرٌ : see بَشَرَةٌ ― -b2- [Hence,] البَشَرُ (assumed tropical:) Mankind: (S, Msb, K:) and the human being: (Msb, K:) applied to the male and to the female; and used alike as sing. and pl. (Msb, K, TA) and dual: (TA:) so that you say, هُوَ بَشَرٌ He is a human being, and هِىَ بَشَرٌ She is a human being, and هُمْ بَشَرٌ They (more than two) are human beings, and هُمَا بَشَرٌ They two are human beings: (TA:) but sometimes it has the dual form; (Msb, K;) as in the Kur xxiii. 49; (Msb, TA;) though the Arabs may have used the dual form in the sense of the sing.: (MF:) and sometimes it has a pl., namely, أَبْشَارٌ . (K.) This is a secondary application of the word: (Msb:) i. e., this signification is tropical; or, as some say, the word is so much used in this sense as to be, so used, conventionally regarded as proper; the sense not depending upon its having another word connected with it: but in the S and K, and by the generality of authors, this signification is given as proper. (MF.) Some say that a human being is thus called because his بَشَرَة is bare of hair and of wool. (MF.) [Hence,] أَبُو البَشَرِ [The father of mankind; meaning] Adam. (K.)

بَشَرَةٌ (Lth, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ بَشَرٌ , (S, K,) or the latter is pl. of the former, (Msb, K,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] like قَصَبَهُ and قَصَبٌ , (Msb,) and أَبْشَارٌ is pl. of بَشَرٌ , (K,) [The external skin; the cuticle, or scarf-skin; the epidermis;] the exterior of the skin (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) of a human being; (S, A, K;) and, as some say, of other creatures, (K,) such as the serpent; but this is generally disallowed: (TA:) or بَشَرَةٌ signifies the exterior of the skin of the head, in which grows the hair; as also أَدَمَةٌ and شَوَاةٌ : (Aboo-Safwán:) or the upper skin (Lth, M) of the head (M) and of the face and body of a human being; (Lth, M;) that upon which the hair grows: (M:) or, as some say, that which is next the flesh. (M.) It is said in a prov., اـِنَّمَا يُعَاتَبُ الأَدِيمُ ذُو البَشَرَةِ : see أَدِيمٌ . ― -b2- بَشَرَةٌ sometimes means The complexion, or hue: and fineness, or delicacy. (TA.) -A2- بَشَرَةُ الأَرْضُ (tropical:) The herbage appearing upon the surface of the earth. (S, A, K.) You say, مَا أَحْسَنَ بَشَرَتَهَا (tropical:) How goodly is its herbage appearing upon its surface! (S, A.) And بَشَرَةٌ [alone] signifies (tropical:) Leguminous plants; herbs, or herbage. (TA.) ― -b2- بَشَرَةٌ is used also as signifying (assumed tropical:) A man's hand. (Msb.) [See 3, last sentence.]

بُشْرَى (imperfectly decl., because it terminates with a fem. alif which is inseparable from it, S) and ↓ بِشَارَةٌ and ↓ بُشَارَةٌ [but respecting this last see بِشَارَةٌ below] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ بُشْرٌ (Msb) are substs. from بَشَّرَهُ (S, Msb, K) [originally signifying An annunciation which produces a change in the بَشَرَة (or complexion) of the person to whom it is made: and hence, a joyful annunciation; joyful, or glad, tidings; good news]: and ↓ تَبَاشِيرُ [q. v. infrà] signifies the same as بُشْرَى : (S, K:) ↓ بِشَارَةٌ , when used absolutely, relates only to good; (S, Msb;) not to evil unless when expressly restricted thereto by an adjunct: [see 2:] (S:) its pl. is بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَايءِرُ . (A.)

يَا بُشْرَاىَ , in the Kur [xii. 19, accord. to one reading, (otherwise, as Bd mentions, بُشْرَاىْ , or بُشْرَىَّ , which is a dial. var. of the same, or بُشْرَى , which, as some say, was the name of a man,) meaning O my joyful annunciation, or joyful tidings, or good news!], is like عَصَاى : and in the dual you say, يَا بُشْرَيَىَّ . (S.) You say also, ↓ تَتَابَعَتِ البِشَارَاتُ and البَشَايءِرُ [The joyful annunciations followed consecutively]. (A.) See another ex. voce بَشِيرٌ . ― -b2- See also بِشَارَةٌ .

[ بَشَرِىٌّ Human; of, or belonging to, or relating to, mankind or a human being.]

بُشَارٌ (assumed tropical:) The refuse, or lowest or basest or meanest sort, of mankind, or of people. (IAar, K.)

بَشُورٌ : see what next follows, in three places.

بَشِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مُبَشِّرٌ , (S, Mgh, K,) [and so ↓ بَشُورٌ , as will be seen by an ex. in what follows,] One who announces to a people [or person] an event, either good or evil; (TA;) but meaning the former oftener than the latter: (Msb:) [an announcer of a joyful event, or joyful events: one who rejoices another, or others, by an annunciation:] pl. بُشَرَا=ءُ (A) and بُشُرٌ , (TA in art. نشر ,) or this is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ . (TA in the present art.) It is said in the Kur [vii. 55], وَ هُوَ ا@لَّذِى يُرْسِلُ ا@لرِّيَاحَ بُشُرًا , and بُشْرًا , and ↓ بُشْرَى , and بَشْرًا ; [accord. to different readings, meaning (assumed tropical:) And He it is who sendeth the winds announcing coming rain;] in which بُشُرٌ is pl. of ↓ بَشُورٌ , [syn. with بَشِيرٌ and مُبَشِّرٌ , but both masc. and fem.,] (TA,) or of بَشِيرٌ , (Bd,) or of بَشِيرَةٌ ; (TA in art. نشر ;) and بُشْرًا is a contraction of the same; and بُشْرَى is syn. with بِشَارَةٌ ; and بَشْرًا is the inf. n. of بَشَرَهُ in the sense of بَشَّرَهُ (TA. [But the reading commonly followed in this passage is نُشُرًا , with ن : another reading is نُشْرًا : another, نَشْرًا : and another, نَشَرًا .]) And ↓ المُبَشِّرَاتُ , (A,) or مُبَشِّرَاتُ الرِّيَاحِ , (S,) signifies (tropical:) Winds that announce [coming] rain: (S, A:) so in the Kur xxx. 45. (TA.) -A2- Also Goodly; beautiful; elegant in form or features; (S, K;) applied to a man, and to a face: (TA:) fem. with ة ; (S, K;) applied to a woman, and to a she-camel; (S;) and meaning, when applied to a she-camel, neither emaciated nor fat: or, accord. to Aboo-Hilál, neither of generous nor of ignoble breed: or, as some say, half-fattened: (TA:) pl. of the fem. بَشَايءِرُ : (S:) and ↓ مَبْشُورَةٌ signifies beautiful in make and colour; (IAar, K;) applied to a girl. (IAar.)

بَشَارَةٌ Goodliness; beauty; elegance of form or features. (S, K, TA.)

بُشَارَةٌ What is pared off from the face of a hide: what is pared off from its back is called تِحْلِيءٌ . (Lh.) -A2- See also بِشَارَةٌ : ― -b2- and see بُشْرَى .

بِشَارَةٌ ; pl. بِشَارَاتٌ and بَشَايءِرُ : see بُشْرَى , in three places; and see also تَبَاشِيرُ . ― -b2- Also A gift to him who announces a joyful event; and so ↓ بُشَارَةٌ : (K, * TA:) or the latter, which is like the عُمَالَة of the عَامِل , has this signification; (IAth;) and so ↓ بُشْرَى ; (M;) and بِشَارَةٌ [has the same meaning accord. to common usage, but, properly,] is a subst. in the sense explained above, voce بُشْرَى . (IAth.) You say, أَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَوْبِى بِشَارَةً I gave him my garment as a reward for the joyful annunciation. (TA from a trad.)

هُوَ أَبْشَرُ مِنْهُ He is more goodly or beautiful, more elegant in form or features, and more fat, than he. (K.)

تُبُشِّرٌ , in the hand writing of J تُبَشِّرٌ , [and so in my copies of the S,] a word of which there is not the like except in the instances of تُنُوِّطٌ [or تُنَوِّطٌ ], a certain bird, and وَادِى تُهُلِّكَ [or تُهَلِّكَ ?] and وَادِى تُضُلِّلَ [or تُضَلِّلَ ] and وَادِى تُخُيِّبَ [or تُخَيِّبَ ], (TA,) A certain bird, called the صُفَارِيَّة : (S, K:) n. un. with ة . (K.)

تَبَاشِيرُ , as though it were pl. of تَبْشِيرٌ , inf. n. of بَشَّرَ ; (A;) a word which has not its like except in the instances of تَعَاشِيبُ and تَعَاجِيبُ and تَفَاطِيرُ [and تَبَاكِيرُ and تَبَارِيحُ , and probably a few others]; (TA;) (tropical:) [Annunciations; foretokens; foretellers; foreshowers; prognostics; earnests; of what is good:] the beginnings of anything: (S, K:) the first of blossoms &c.: (TA:) the beginnings, (S, K,) or first annunciations, (A,) of daybreak; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ بَشَايءِرُ : (TA:) it has no verb: (S:) and [is said to have] no sing.: but in a trad. of El-Hajjáj, تَبْشِيرٌ occurs as meaning (assumed tropical:) the commencement of rain. (TA.) One says, فِيهِ مَخَايِلُ الرُّشْدِ وَ تَبَاشِيرُهُ (tropical:) [In him are indications of right conduct, or belief, and its earnests]. (A.) See also بُشْرَى . ― -b2- (assumed tropical:) Streaks of the light of daybreak in the night. (TA.) ― -b3- (assumed tropical:) Streaks that are seen upon the surface of the ground, caused by the winds. (Lth, K. *) ― -b4- (assumed tropical:) The colours of palm-trees when their fruit begins to ripen; (K;) as also تَبَاكِيرُ . (TA.) ― -b5- (assumed tropical:) Such as bear fruit early, or before others, of palm-trees. (K.) ― -b6- (assumed tropical:) Marks of galls upon the side of a beast. (K.)

رَجُلٌ مُوءْدَمٌ مُبْشَرٌ (tropical:) A perfect man; as though he combined the softness of the أَدَمَة [or inner skin] with the roughness of the بَشَرَة [or outer skin]: (S:) or a man who combines softness, or gentleness, and strength, with knowledge of affairs: (As:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ مُوءْدَمَةٌ مُبْشَرَةٌ (tropical:) a woman perfect in every respect. (TA.) [See also art. ادم .]

مُبَشِّرٌ and مُبَشِّرَاتٌ : see بَشِيرٌ .

مَبْشُورَةٌ : see بَشِيرٌ , last sentence.

حِجْرٌمُبَاشِرٌ [so in two copies of the S: in Golius's Lex. مُبَاشِرَةٌ :] A mare [so I render حجر , which Golius renders ‘ vulva, ’] desiring the stallion. (S.) [See also مُبَاسِرَةٌ , with س .]