ح س ن

حسّنهُ حسن حسنه حسننه حسنة , (S, K,) inf. n. تَحْسِينٌ , (S,) He made it, or rendered it, حَسَن [i. e. good, or goodly, (generally the latter,) beautiful, comely, or pleasing, &c.]; (K;) he beautified, embellished, or adorned, it; (S, TA;) as also ↓ احسنهُ . (TA.) You say, الحَلَّاقُ رَأْسَهُ ↓ أَحْسَنَ The shaver beautified, or trimmed, his head. (TA.) And الَّذِى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَهُ ↓ أَحْسَنَ [Who hath made good, or goodly, everything that He hath created], in the Kur [xxxii. 6], means حَسَّنَ خَلْقَ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ [hath made good, or goodly, the creation of everything]. (TA.) ― -b2- [See also تَحْسِينٌ .] ― -b3- And see 10.

اـنِّى أُحَاسِنُ بِكَ النَّاسَ (S, TA) Verily I contend with men for thy superiority in حُسْن [i. e. goodness, or goodliness, &c.]. (TA.) [ حَاسَنَ followed by an accus. is rendered by Golius, as on the authority of J, who gives no explanation of it, “ Bene tractavit et egit. ”]

احسن احسن أحسن أحسنن حسن as an intrans. v.: see 1. ― -b2- Also He did that which was حَسَن [meaning good, comely, or pleasing; he acted well]; (Msb;) he did a good deed: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [for] اـِحْسَانٌ is the contr. of اـِسَا=ءَةٌ : (K:) it differs from اـِنْعَامٌ in being to oneself and to another; whereas the latter is only to another: (TA:) and it surpasses عَدْلٌ , inasmuch as it means the giving more than one owes, and taking less than is owed to one; whereas the latter means the giving what one owes, and taking what is owed to one. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, أَحْسَنْتُ اـِلَيْهِ and بِهِ [I acted, or behaved, with goodness, well, or in a good or comely or pleasing manner, towards him; did good to him; benefited him; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him]: both signify the same: (S, TA:) and hence, in the Kur [xii. 101], قَدْ أَحْسَنَ بِى اـِذَ أَخْرَجَنِى مِنَ السِّجْنِ meaning اـِلَىَّ [i. e. He hath acted well towards me, when he brought me forth from the prison]: (AHeyth, Az:) or, accord. to some, the verb in this case is made to import the meaning of لَطَفَ [which is trans. by means of بِ , i. e. He hath acted graciously with me]. (Mughnee in art. بِ .) ― -b3- الاـِحْسَانُ is also explained as meaning الاـِخْلَاصُ [i. e. The being sincere, or without hypocrisy; or the asserting oneself to be clear of believing in any beside God]; which is a condition of the soundness, or validity, of الاـِيمَان and الاـِسْلَام together: and as denoting watchfulness, and good obedience: and as meaning the continuing in the right way, and following the way which those [of the righteous] who have gone before have trodden; this last being said to be the meaning in the Kur ix. 101. (TA.) -A2- As a trans. v.: see 2, in three places. ― -b2- احسنهُ also signifies (tropical:) He knew it: (S, K, TA:) [or] he knew it well; (Er-Rághib, Msb;) and so احسن بِهِ , as in the saying, هُوَ يُحْسِنُ بِالعَرَبِيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) He knows well the Arabic language. (MA.) Hence the saying of 'Alee, قِيمَةُ المَرْءِ مَا يُحْسِنُهُ (tropical:) [The value of the man is what he knows, or knows well]. (TA.) النَّاسُ أَبْنَا=ءُ مَا يُحْسِنُونَ is another saying of 'Alee, meaning (tropical:) Men are named, or reputed, in relation to what they know, and to the good deeds that they do. (TA.) ― -b3- أَحْسِنْ بِهِ and مَا أَحْسَنَهُ : see 1, last sentence. You say also, ↓ مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ [i. e. How very good, or goodly, &c., is he!]; using the dim. form; like مَا أُمَيْلِحَهُ [q. v.]. (S and K in art. ملح .) -A3- Also He (a man, IAar) sat upon a high hill, or heap, of sand, such as is termed حَسَنٌ . (IAar, K.)

تحسّن أحسن حسن تحسن تحسنن : see 1. ― -b2- Also i. q. تَجَمَّلَ [i. e. He beautified, embellished, or adorned, himself: and he affected what is beautiful, goodly, or comely, in person, or in action or actions or behaviour, or in moral character, &c.]. (TA.) [ تَحَسَّنَتْ , said of a woman, occurs, in the former sense, in the S and K in art. رعد , and in the TA in art. نقط , &c.] ― -b3- دَخَلَ الحَمَّامَ فَتَحَسَّنَ He entered the hot bath and was shaven. (TA.)

تحاسن حاسن تحاسن تحاسنن [He affected to be حَسَن (i. e. good, goodly, beautiful, comely, &c.), not being really so]. (A in art. صبح . [See 6 in that art.])

استحسنهُ أستحسنه استحسنه استحسنة ٱستحسن ٱستحسنه ٱستحسننه He counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, him, or it, حَسَن [i. e. good, goodly, beautiful, comely, pleasing, &c.; he approved, thought well of, or liked, him, or it]; (S, K;) as also ↓ حسّنهُ , inf. n. تَحْسِينٌ . (Har p. 594.) Hence the saying, صَرْفُ هٰذَا ا@سْتِحْسَانٌ وَ المَنْعُ قِيَاسٌ [The making this word perfectly declinable is approvable, but the making it imperfectly declinable is agreeable with analogy]. (TA.)

حُسْنٌ حسن حسنن (S, K, &c.) and ↓ حُسُنٌ , which is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and ↓ حَسَنٌ , (MF, TA,) Goodness, or goodliness, [generally the latter,] beauty, comeliness, or pleasingness; contr. of قُبْحٌ : (S:) i. q. جَمَالٌ : (K:) but accord. to As, [when relating to the person,] حُسْنٌ is in the eyes, and جَمَالٌ is in the nose: (TA:) symmetry; or just proportion of the several parts of the person, one to another: (Kull:) or anything, moving the mind, that is desired, or wished for; such as is approved by the intellect; and such as is approved by natural desire; and such as is approved by the faculty of sense: in the common conventional language, mostly applied to what is approved by the sight: in the Kur, mostly to what is approved by mental perception: it is in accidents as well as in substances: (Er-Rághib, TA:) the pl. is ↓ مَحَاسِنُ , (S, K,) like مَلَامِحُ pl. of لَمْحَةٌ , and مَشَابِهُ pl. of شَبَهٌ , &c., (Har p. 9,) contr. to rule, (S, K,) as though pl. of ↓ مَحْسَنٌ or ↓ مُحْسَنٌ : (S accord. to different copies:) or, accord. to Lh and Eth-Tha'álibee, مَحَاسِنُ has no proper sing. (TA.) وَ قُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا , in the Kur [ii. 77], means And say ye to men a saying having in it goodness ( قَوْلًا ذَا حُسْنٍ ): or حُسْنًا may mean حَسَنًا : (Zj, TA:) and some read here حَسَنًا : and some, حُسُنًا , accord. to the dial. of El-Hijáz: and some, ↓ حُسْنَى , as an inf. n., like بُشْرَى : (Bd:) but AHát and Zj disallow this; the former saying that حُسْنَى is like فُعْلَى [as fem. of أَفْعَلُ denoting the comparative and superlative degrees], and therefore should have the article ال . (TA.) وَ وَصَّيْنَا الاـِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا , in the Kur [xxix. 7], means [in like manner] And we have enjoined man to do to his two parents what is good ( مَا يَحْسُنُ حُسْنًا ): (TA:) and here [also] some read حَسَنًا ; and some, اـِحْسَانًا . (Bd.) [See another ex. of a similar kind, from the Kur xviii. 85, voce اـِمَّا , near the beginning of the paragraph.] ― -b2- سِتُّ الحُسْنِ [The convolvulus caïricus of Linn.; abundant in the gardens of Cairo;] a certain plant that twines about trees and has a beautiful flower. (TA.) ― -b3- See also حَسَنٌ .

حَسَنٌ حسن حسنن Having, or possessing, the quality termed حُسْنٌ [which see above; good, or goodly, (generally the latter,) beautiful, comely, pleasing or pleasant, &c.]; (Msb, K, TA;) either intrinsically, as when applied to belief in God and in his attributes; or extrinsically, as when applied to war against unbelievers, for this is not good in itself: said to be the only epithet of its measure except بَطَلٌ : (TA:) and ↓ حَسِينٌ signifies the same, (IB, K,) because from حَسُنَ , like عَظِيمٌ and كَريِمٌ from عَظُمَ and كَرُمَ , (IB, TA,) and ↓ حُسَانٌ , (K,) but this is an intensive epithet, [signifying very good or goodly &c.,] (IB, TA,) and ↓ حُسَّانٌ , (K,) also an intensive epithet, (S, IB,) and ↓ حَاسِنٌ , (K,) [properly signifying being, or becoming, good or goodly &c.,] cited by Lh as used in a future sense, (TA,) and ↓ مُحَسَّنٌ as applied to a face: (K:) the fem. is حَسَنَةٌ , and ↓ حَسْنَا=ءُ , applied to a woman, (S, Msb, K,) though the corresponding masc. of this latter, namely, ↓ أَحْسَنُ , is [said to be] not used (S, K) as applied to a man [in the sense of حَسَنٌ ], (S,) [but the phrase هُوَ أَحْسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا as meaning حَسَنُهُمْ وَجْهًا is mentioned in the S in art. بيض , (see بَيَاضٌ , and see also the pl. أَحَاسِنُ in what here follows,)] and ↓ حُسَّانَةٌ : (S, K:) the pl. masc. is حِسَانٌ , (Msb, K,) pl. of حَسَنٌ used as an epithet; but when حَسَنٌ is used as a [proper] name, its pl. is حَسَنُونَ ; (Msb;) and حِسَانٌ may also be pl. of حَسِينٌ ; (TA;) and حُسَّانُونَ , (Sb, K,) pl. of ↓ حُسَّانٌ , which has no broken pl.: (Sb:) and أَحَاسِنُ القَوْمِ means حِسَانُهُمْ [the good, or goodly, &c., of the party, or company of men]: (K:) the pl. fem. is حِسَانٌ , (K,) like the masc., pl. of حَسْنَا=ءُ , and the only instance of its kind except عِجَافٌ , pl. of عَجْفَا=ءُ . (TA.) You say رَجُلٌ حَسَنٌ بَسَنٌ [A man very good or goodly &c.], using بسن as an imitative sequent [for the purpose of corroboration]. (S.) ― -b2- [ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ A tradition of good authority; generally applied to one transmitted in the first instance by two or more relaters. ― -b3- Also meaning Good, comely, goodhumoured, pleasing, or pleasant, discourse or talk.] ― -b4- الحَسَنُ The bone that is next to the elbow; as also ↓ الحُسْنُ : (K:) or the extremity of the bone of the upper half of the arm next the shoulder-joint, because of the abundance of flesh that is upon it; the extremity of that bone next the elbow being called القَبِيحُ : (TA in art. قبح :) or the upper part of that bone; the lower part thereof being called القبيح . (Fr, TA in that art.) ― -b5- A kind of tree, of beautiful appearance, (K, TA,) also called the أَلا=ء , that grows in rows upon a hill, or heap, ( كَثِيب ,) of sand; so called because of its beauty; whence the كثيب is called نَقَا الحَسَنِ : thus described by Az, on the authority of 'Alee Ibn-Hamzeh. (TA.) ― -b6- [And hence, perhaps,] حَسَنٌ signifies also A high كَثِيب [or hill, or heap, of sand]: (IAar, K:) whence it is used as a [proper] name of a boy. (IAar, TA.) -A2- See also حُسْنٌ , first sentence.

الحُسَنُ الحسن حسن : see أَحْسَنُ .

حُسُنٌ حسن حسنن : see حُسْنٌ , first sentence.

حِسْنَةٌ حسن حسنه حسننه حسنة A ledge ( رَيْدٌ ) projecting from a mountain: pl. حِسَنٌ . (K.)

حَسَنَةٌ حسن حسنه حسننه حسنة fem. of حَسَنٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) ― -b2- Also, [used as a subst., or as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, A good act or action;] an act of obedience [to God; often particularly applied to an alms-deed]: (Ksh and Bd in iv. 80:) and the reward [of a good action]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) a good, benefit, benefaction, boon, or blessing: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) contr. of سَيِّيءَةٌ [in all these senses]: (S, K:) as contr. of this latter word, it signifies any rejoicing, or gladdening, good or benefit &c. that betides a man in his soul and his body and his circumstances: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl. حَسَنَاتٌ : (K, and Kur vii. 167, &c.:) it has no broken pl. (TA.) Hence, in the Kur iv. 80, it means Abundance of herbage, or of the goods, conveniences, and comforts, of life; ampleness of circumstances; and success: and سَيِّيءَة there means the contr. of these. (Er-Rághib, TA.) In the Kur xi. 116, الحَسَنَات is said to mean The five daily prayers, as expiating what has been between them. (TA.) ― -b3- As an epithet, [fem. of حَسَنٌ ,] it is applied to an accident as well as to a substance. (Er-Rághib, TA.)

حُسْنَى أحسن حس حسن حسنى حسني حسنيي : see حُسْنٌ , and أَحْسَنُ ; the latter, in three places.

حَسْنَا=ءُ حسنا=ء : see حَسَنٌ .

حُسَانٌ حسان حسن : see حَسَنٌ .

حَسِينٌ حسين : see حَسَنٌ .

حُسَيْنٌ حسين [dim. of حَسَنٌ . ― -b2- Also] A high mountain: whence it is used as a [proper] name of a boy. (TA.)

حُسَيْنَى حسين حسينى حسيني One's utmost, [or rather one's best,] or the utmost of one's power or ability or deed or case: so in the saying, حُسَيْنَاهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا [His utmost, or best, &c., is, or will be, the doing such a thing]: and ↓ حُسَيْنَاوءُهُ means the same. (K, * TA.)

حُسَيْنَا=ءُ حسينا=ء : see what next precedes. -A2- Also A kind of tree, with small leaves. (K.)

حُسَّانٌ حسان حسن ; and its fem., with ة : see حَسَنٌ , in three places.

حَاسِنٌ حاسن حاسنن : see حَسَنٌ . ― -b2- [Hence,] الحَاسِنُ The moon. (AA, S.)

أَحْسَنُ , fem. حَسْنَا=ءُ , pl. أَحَاسِنُ : see حَسَنٌ . ― -b2- الأَحْسَنُ denotes the comparative and superlative degrees [of حُسْنٌ ]; as in the phrase هُوَ الأَحْسَنُ [He, or it, is the better, and best; or the more, and most, goodly or beautiful or comely &c.]: (K:) ↓ الحُسْنَى is the fem.; as in the phrase الأَسْمَا=ءُ الحُسْنَى The best names; those of God; which are ninety and nine: (Jel in vii. 179:) it signifies the contr. of السُّوْءَى : (S, K:) the pl. of الأَحْسَنُ is الأَحَاسِنُ . (K.) In the saying, in the Kur [vi. 153 and xvii. 36], وَ لَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ اليَتِيمِ اـِلَّا بِالَّتِى هِىَ أَحْسَنُ [And approach ye not the property of the orphan, to make use of it,] except by that act which is best to be done with it, the meaning is, such an act as the taking care of it, and increasing it: (Bd:) or, as some say, the meaning is, the taking, of his property, what will [suffice to] conceal those parts of one's person that should not be exposed, and stay one's hunger. (TA.) [The fem.] ↓ الحُسْنَى is applied to accidents only: not to substances. (Er-Rághib, TA.) It means also, [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, That which is better, and that which is best. And hence,] The good final or ultimate state or condition [appointed for the faithful]: (K:) so, it is said, in the Kur xli. 50. (TA.) And The view, or vision, of God; (K;) accord. to some: but it is said that in the Kur x. 27, it means Paradise; and زِيَادَةٌ , which there follows it, means the view, or vision, of the face of God. (TA.) And Victory: and martyrdom: (Th, K:) whence, [in the Kur ix. 52,] اـِحْدَى الحُسْنَيَيْنِ [one of the two best things]; (K;) victory or martyrdom. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) And The saying لَا اـِلَاهَ اـِلَّا ا@للّٰهُ . (Jel in xcii. 6 and 9.) The pl. of ↓ الحُسْنَى is الحُسْنَيَاتُ and ↓ الحُسَنُ , (K, [the latter like رُجَعٌ pl. of رُجْعَى , but misunderstood by Freytag as syn. with المَحَاسِنُ , which next follows it in the K,]) neither of which is used without the article ال . (TA.)

مَا أُحَيْسِنَهُ : see 4, last sentence but one.

تَحْسِينٌ أحس حس حسا تحسى تحسين a subst. of the measure تَفْعِيلٌ ; (K;) or rather an inf. n. used as a subst.; (TA;) pl. تَحَاسِينُ : whence كِتَابُ التَّحَاسِينِ (K) [Caligraphy; or] deliberate, orderly, and regular writing; (TK;) [or close and compact writing, without spaces, or gaps, and without elongation of the letters;] contr. of المَشْقُ . (K. [See كِتَابُ مَشْقٍ .])

مَحْسَنٌ محسن : see حُسْنٌ , and مَحَاسِنُ .

مُحْسَنٌ محسن : see حُسْنٌ .

مُحْسِنٌ محسن Doing, or who does, that which is حَسَن [meaning good, comely, or pleasing]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مِحْسَانٌ : (K:) or the latter [is an intensive epithet, meaning doing, or who does, much that is good, comely, or pleasing: or] means constantly doing that which is حَسَن . (TA.) ― -b2- اـِنَّا نَرَاكَ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ , in the Kur xii. 36, means (tropical:) Verily we see thee to be of those who know, or know well, the interpretation of dreams: (Ksh, Bd, TA: *) or (assumed tropical:) of those endowed with knowledge: or of the doers of good to the prisoners: (Ksh, Bd:) or of those who aid the weak and the sufferer of wrong, and visit the sick. (TA.)

مَحْسَنَةٌ محسن محسنه محسنة [A cause of good: pl., app., ↓ مَحَاسِنُ ; like as مَسَاوٍ , originally مَسَاوِيءُ , is said to be pl. of مَسَا=ءَةٌ , originally مَسْوَأَةٌ ]. You say, هٰذَا الطَّعَامُ مَحْسَنَةٌ لِلْجِسْمِ [This food is a cause of good, i. e. beneficial, to the body]. (S.)

مُحَسَّنٌ محسن : see حَسَنٌ .

مِحْسَانٌ محسان : see مُحْسِنٌ .

مَحَاسِنُ محاسن The beautiful places [or parts] of the body: (K:) accord. to some, (TA,) the sing. is ↓ مَحْسَنٌ : or it has no sing.: (K:) the former opinion is disapproved by ISd.: the latter is the opinion of the grammarians and of the generality of the lexicologists: and therefore, says Sb, the rel. n. is ↓ مَحَاسِنِىٌّ ; for if مَحَاسِنُ had a sing., it would be restored to the sing. in forming the rel. n. (TA.) You say, فُلَانَةُ كَثِيرَةُ المَحَاسِنِ Such a woman has many beautiful places [or parts] of the body. (TA.) And مَحَاسِنُ الوَجْهِ وَ مَسَاوِيهِ [The beauties of the face, and its defects]: (K in art. لمح :) [for] مَحَاسِنُ signifies the contr. of مَسَاوٍ . (S.) ― -b2- [As contr. of مَسَاوٍ , it signifies also Good qualities of any kind: and also good actions; like حَسَنَاتٌ : agreeably with an explanation in the KL, نيكويءيها .] ― -b3- See also حُسْنٌ : ― -b4- and مَحْسَنَةٌ .

مَحَاسِنِىٌّ محاسن محاسنى محاسني : see the next preceding paragraph.