From Edward William Lane, An Arabic-English Lexicon (1863–1893), under the root صور. Digitised by the Perseus Project (Tufts); Arabic decoded from Perseus's transliteration.
صَارَهُ , aor. يَصُورُ , (S, M, K,) inf. n. صَوْرٌ , (M, K,) He made it (a thing, M, K, or, as some say, specially the neck, M) to incline, or lean; (S, M, K;) as also صارهُ , aor. يَصِيرُ ; (S;) and ↓ اصارهُ : (S, M, Msb, K:) or he demolished it threw it down, or pulled it down to the ground; as also ↓ اصارهُ . (K.) One says, of a man, يَصُورْ عُنُقَهُ اـِلَى الشَّىْءِ He inclines his neck to the thing. (Lth.) And صُرْتُ اـِلَىَّ الشَّىْءَ , and ↓ أَصَرْتُهُ , I inclined, or bent, the thing to, or towards, me. (El-Ahmar.) And صُرْتُ الغُصْنَ لِأَجْتَنِىَ الثَّمَرَ [I inclined, or bent, the branch, that I might pluck, or gather, the fruit]. (A.) And قُلُوبٌ لَا تَصُورُهَا الأَرْحَامُ (assumed tropical:) [Hearts which the ties of relationship do not incline]. (TA, from a trad.) فَصُرْهُنَّ اـِلَيْكَ , in the Kur [ii. 262], means And turn them towards thee; and so فَصِرْهُنَّ : (Akh, S, M:) but the former is the more common reading: this is the meaning commonly known, of each reading: though Lh says that the former means as above, and the latter means cut them, and divide them, in pieces; (M;) and some thus explain the former, making a transposition in the verse, as though the words were thus, فَخُذْ اـِلَيْكَ أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ ا@لطَّّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ . (S.) One says also, صُرْ اـِلَىَّ , and صُرْ وَجْهَكَ اـِلَىَّ , Turn thou thy face towards me. (Akh, S.) And صَارَ وَجْهَهُ , aor. يَصُورُ , (M, K,) and يَصِيرُ , (K,) He turned his face towards a person or thing. (M, K.) And هُوَ يَصُورَ مَعْرُوفَهُ اـِلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He turns his beneficence towards men]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Agreeably with a statement cited above, it is said that] صَارَهُ , aor. as above, (S, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies also He dissected it; or cut it, or divided it, in pieces. (S, K, TA.) ― -b3- And hence, (TA,) صَارَ الحُكْمَ (assumed tropical:) He (the judge, A, TA) decided the judgment. (S, * A, TA.) ― -b4- [Freytag states, on the authority of the Kitáb el-Addád, that صار , aor. as above, has two contr. significations: He separated, or dispersed: ― -b5- and He collected.] ― -b6- See also 2. -A2- صَارَ also signifies He (a man, M) uttered a cry, or sound. (M, K.) -A3- صَوِرَ , (M, A, K,) [aor. يَصْوَرُ ,] inf. n. صَوَرٌ , (S, M, A,) He, (Lth,) or it, (a thing, M, Msb, K, or a man's neck, M, A, *) inclined, or leaned; (Lth, S, * M, A, K;) as also ↓ انصار : (S, M, Msb, K: *) it bent; or was, or became, crooked. (A.) One says, فِى عُنُقِهِ صَوَرٌ In his neck is an inclining; and a bending, or crookedness. (A.) ― -b2- And صَوَرٌ as an attribute of a man signifies also (tropical:) An inclining, or inclination; (S;) a desiring, or desire. (S, Msb.)
صوّر [inf. n. تَصْوِيرٌ ,] He formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured, him, or it; (S, M, K;) and ↓ تصوّر signifies the same; (Msb, and Bd in iii. 4;) and so does ↓ صار , accord. to Aboo-'Alec, in the saying, بَنَاهُ وَصَلَّبَ فِيهِ وَصَارَا [Which (referring to a church) he has built, and in which he has made a cross, or crosses, and has made sculptured, or painted, work]. (M.) One says, صَوَّرَهُ ا@للّٰهُ صُورَةً حَسَنَةً [God formed him a goodly, or beautiful, form]. (S.) ― -b2- See also 5, in two places.
أَصْوَرَ see 1, in three places.
تصوّر He, or it, was, or became, formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured. (S, M, K, TA.) ― -b2- And [hence,] تصوّر لِى [and لِى ↓ صُوِّرَ , like تَخَيَّلَ لِى and خُيِّلَ لِى ,] It appeared to my mind, or imagination, (S, Msb,) as an image, or a picture. (Msb.) -A2- See also 2. ― -b2- [Hence,] تصوّر شَيْيءًا He imagined a thing; imaged it in the mind; as also ↓ صوّرهُ ; [like تَخَيَّلَهُ and خَيَّلَهُ ;] he imagined, or conceived, the form of the thing. (S.) [ تَصَوُّرٌ in logic signifies The forming of an idea; conception, perception, or apprehension; sometimes qualified by the epithet سَاذَجٌ i. e. simple.] -A3- Also He (being pierced with a spear or the like) inclined, to fall: (S:) or he (being struck) fell: (M, K:) or he, or it, fell, or alighted. (TA.)
اِنْصَارَ : see صَوِرَ . ― -b2- Also It (a thing) became demolished, and cut, or divided, in pieces: (O:) it (a mountain) became demolished, and fell: (Sgh, TA:) it cracked, and split. (TA.)
اصطارهُ He doubled it, or folded it; or he bent it; syn. ثَنَاهُ . (O.)
صَارٌ : see صَيِّرٌ , below, in two places.
صَوْرٌ Small palm-trees: (M, K:) or a collection of small palm-trees: (S, M, K:) a word having no proper sing.: (S, M:) [but see صَوْرَةٌ :] pl. صِيرَانٌ : (Sh, M, K:) and other trees: pl. as above. (Sh, TA.) ― -b2- Also The root of a palmtree, (M, K,) or of a palm-trunk. (M.) ― -b3- And The bank, or side, of a river or rivulet. (M, K.) ― -b4- And The side of the neck. (O, * K, * TA. [In the CK, واللِّيتِ is erroneously put for وَاللِّيتُ .]) ― -b5- And The forelock: so in the saying of a rájiz, كَأَنَّ عُرْفًا مَايءِلًا مِنْ صَوْرِهِ [As though a mane inclining from his forelock]. (S.)
صُورٌ A horn: (S, M:) and a horn in which one blows: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur [vi. 73, &c.], يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِى ا@لصُّورِ [i. e. On the day when the horn shall be blown in]: El-Kelbee says, I know not what is الصور : and it is said to be pl. of صُورَةٌ , like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ ; [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which صُورَةٌ is the n. un.;] i. e., [the phrase means] when the souls shall be blown into the forms of the dead: and El-Hasan read فِى الصُّوَرِ : (S, L, TA:) this is related on the authority of AO; but AHeyth asserts him to have said wrong. (L, TA.)
صَوَرٌ inf. n. of صَوِرَ [q. v.]. (M, A.) ― -b2- Also An itching ( أُكَالٌ ) in the head. (IAar, TA.) [See also صَوْرَةٌ .]
صَارَةٌ The head, (O,) or the upper, or uppermost, part, (K,) of a mountain: (O, K:) and صُوءَيْرَةٌ [with ء ] has been heard from the Arabs as its dim. (TA.) -A2- See also صِوَارٌ .
صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) An inclination, or a desire. (TA.) You say, أَرَى لَكَ اـِلَيْهِ صَوْرَةً (tropical:) I see thee to have a loving inclination to him. (A.) And مَا بِى اـِلَيْهَا صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) I have not any inclination to, or desire for, her. (TA, from a trad.) ― -b2- And An itching, or itch, ( حِكَّة ,) in the head: (A:) or an affection like حِكَّة in a man's head, occasioning a desire to be loused. (S, M, K.) [See also صَوَرٌ .] -A2- And A palm-tree. (IAar.) [See also صَوْرٌ .]
صُورَةٌ Form, fashion, figure, shape, or semblance; syn. شَكْلٌ , (M, K,) and مِثَالٌ ; (Msb;) the external state of a thing; (IAth;) that whereby a thing is sensibly distinguished by men in general, and even by many other animate beings, from other things; as the صورة of a man, and of a horse, and of an ass. (B.) ― -b2- And An effigy; an image, or a statue; a picture; anything that is formed, fashioned, figured, or shaped, after the likeness of any of God's creatures, animate or inanimate: it is said that the maker of an effigy, or image, will be punished on the day of resurrection, and will be commanded to put life into it; and that the angels will not enter a house in which is a صورة . (Mgh.) [See also تَصَاوِيرُ .] ― -b3- [Hence, A mental image; or a resemblance, of any object, formed, or conceived, by the mind; an idea: a meaning of frequent occurrence in philosophical works &c.] ― -b4- And Species; syn. نَوْعٌ . (K.) ― -b5- And The essence of a thing; that by being which a thing is what it is; or the property, or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; syn. حَقِيقَةٌ : (IAth:) [specific character;] that whereby a thing is mentally distinguished by particular persons, not by the vulgar, from other things; as the صورة by which a man is specially distinguished, consisting in reason and thought and other distinctive attributes: (B:) a quality, an attribute, a property; or a description, as meaning the aggregate of the qualities or attributes or properties, of a thing; or the state, condition, or case, of a thing; syn. صِفَةٌ : (IAth, Msb, K:) as when you say, صُورَةُ الأَمْرِ كَذَا [The quality, &c., of the thing is of such a kind]: (IAth, Msb:) and صُورَةُ المَسْأَلَةِ كَذَا [The description, statement, or form, of the question is of such a kind]: (Msb:) and so in the saying of the Prophet, أَتَانِى اللَّيْلَةَ رَبِّى فِى أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ [My Lord came to me to-night in a most goodly state]; or صورة may here refer to the Prophet, and may mean external state, or manner of being, or condition. (IAth.) ― -b6- And The mode, or manner, of an action. (IAth.) ― -b7- The pl. is صُوَرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صِوَرٌ and صُورٌ ; (S, M, K;) the second of which is rare, and by some disallowed. (MF.) ― -b8- The saying of the Prophet خَلَقَ ا@للّٰهُ ا=دَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ may mean that God created Adam in the صورة [or form &c.] that He, namely, God, originated and ordained; or in the صورة proper to him, namely, Adam. (M.) ― -b9- صُورَةٌ signifies also The face: so in a trad. cited voce مُحَرَّمٌ ; in which it is said that the صورة is pronounced sacred, i. e. that it is not to be slapped: and in another, in which it is said that the Prophet disliked marking the صورة with a hot iron. (TA.)
صُوَارٌ : see the next paragraph, in four places.
صِوَارٌ A herd of [wild] bulls or cows; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ and ↓ صِيَارٌ [the latter in the CK written صِيّار ] and ↓ صُوَّارٌ [in some copies of the K erroneously written صُوَار , which, as observed in the TA, is a repetition]: (M, K, TA:) pl. of the first (S, M) and second and third (M) صِيرَانٌ . (S, M.) -A2- Also A sweet odour; and so ↓ صُوَارٌ . (M, K.) ― -b2- And A vesicle ( وِعَا=ء ) of musk; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ , (Msb,) and ↓ صِيَارٌ , (S,) and ↓ صَارَةٌ [also] signifies [the same, i. e.] a فَارَة or فَأْرَة of musk: (O, K:) or صِوَارٌ and ↓ صُوَارٌ signify a small quantity of musk: (M, K:) or a piece, or portion, thereof: (M:) and صِوَارٌ signifies also musk [itself]: (TA:) pl. أَصْوِرَةٌ . (M, K.) [Said in the M to be Pers.] -A3- الصِّوَارَانِ The two corners of the mouth; (O, K;) called by the vulgar الصَّوَّارَيْن , (O, TA,) or الصَّوَارَيْن (O in art. صمغ .)
صِيَارٌ : see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.
صُوءَيْرَةٌ [with ء ] a dim. of صَارَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.)
صَيِّرٌ Goodly in صُورَة [i. e. form &c.]; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ صَارٌ . (TA in art. شور .) One says رَجُلٌ صَيِّرٌ شَيِّرٌ (Fr, S) and شَارٌ ↓ صَارٌ (TA ubi suprà) A man goodly in صورة [or form &c.] and in شَارَة [i. e. appearance or apparel &c.]. (Fr, S.) [See also شَيِّرٌ in art. شور .]
صَوَّارٌ A sparrow ( عُصْفُورٌ ) that answers when called. (S, M, K. *)
صُوَّارٌ : see صِوَارٌ , first sentence.
أَصْوَرُ Inclining: (M, K:) pl. صُورٌ . (M.) One says رَجُلٌ أَصْوَرُ A man having an inclining, or a bending, or crooked, neck. (A.) And هُوَ أَصْوَرُ اـِلَى كَذَا He is inclining his neck and face towards such a thing. (A.) ― -b2- [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Having an inclination, or a desire, (S, M, Msb,) to, or for, ( اـِلَى ,) a friend, or an object of love. (M.)
تَصَاوِيرُ [pl. of تَصْوِيرٌ and تَصْوِيرَةٌ ] Effigies, images, or statues; pictures; and the like. (S, Mgh.) [See also صُورَةٌ .]
مُصَوِّرٌ [A sculptor; and a painter, or limner, or the like]. المُصَوِرُ as an epithet of God, The Former, or Fashioner, of all existing things, who hath established them, and given to every one of them a special form and a particular manner of being whereby it is distinguished, with their variety and multitude. (TA.)
The roots that most often share a verse with ص و ر. Window: the verse. Measure: the number of distinct verses in which both roots occur (of the 17 this root appears in). Ubiquitous roots are excluded so genuinely connected concepts surface — see the method.
Page 1 of 1. The root is highlighted in each verse.
وَإِذْقَالَإِبْرَٰهِـۧمُرَبِّأَرِنِىكَيْفَتُحْىِٱلْمَوْتَىٰقَالَأَوَلَمْتُؤْمِنقَالَبَلَىٰوَلَٰكِنلِّيَطْمَئِنَّقَلْبِىقَالَفَخُذْأَرْبَعَةًمِّنَٱلطَّيْرِفَصُرْهُنَّإِلَيْكَثُمَّٱجْعَلْعَلَىٰكُلِّجَبَلٍمِّنْهُنَّجُزْءًاثُمَّٱدْعُهُنَّيَأْتِينَكَسَعْيًاوَٱعْلَمْأَنَّٱللَّهَعَزِيزٌحَكِيمٌ
Reference 2:260هُوَٱلَّذِىيُصَوِّرُكُمْفِىٱلْأَرْحَامِكَيْفَيَشَآءُلَآإِلَٰهَإِلَّاهُوَٱلْعَزِيزُٱلْحَكِيمُ
Reference 3:6وَهُوَٱلَّذِىخَلَقَٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِوَٱلْأَرْضَبِٱلْحَقِّوَيَوْمَيَقُولُكُنفَيَكُونُقَوْلُهُٱلْحَقُّوَلَهُٱلْمُلْكُيَوْمَيُنفَخُفِىٱلصُّورِعَٰلِمُٱلْغَيْبِوَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِوَهُوَٱلْحَكِيمُٱلْخَبِيرُ
Reference 6:73وَلَقَدْخَلَقْنَٰكُمْثُمَّصَوَّرْنَٰكُمْثُمَّقُلْنَالِلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةِٱسْجُدُوا۟لِـَٔادَمَفَسَجَدُوٓا۟إِلَّآإِبْلِيسَلَمْيَكُنمِّنَٱلسَّٰجِدِينَ
Reference 7:11وَتَرَكْنَابَعْضَهُمْيَوْمَئِذٍيَمُوجُفِىبَعْضٍوَنُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِفَجَمَعْنَٰهُمْجَمْعًا
Reference 18:99يَوْمَيُنفَخُفِىٱلصُّورِوَنَحْشُرُٱلْمُجْرِمِينَيَوْمَئِذٍزُرْقًا
Reference 20:102فَإِذَانُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِفَلَآأَنسَابَبَيْنَهُمْيَوْمَئِذٍوَلَايَتَسَآءَلُونَ
Reference 23:101وَيَوْمَيُنفَخُفِىٱلصُّورِفَفَزِعَمَنفِىٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِوَمَنفِىٱلْأَرْضِإِلَّامَنشَآءَٱللَّهُوَكُلٌّأَتَوْهُدَٰخِرِينَ
Reference 27:87وَنُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِفَإِذَاهُممِّنَٱلْأَجْدَاثِإِلَىٰرَبِّهِمْيَنسِلُونَ
Reference 36:51وَنُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِفَصَعِقَمَنفِىٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِوَمَنفِىٱلْأَرْضِإِلَّامَنشَآءَٱللَّهُثُمَّنُفِخَفِيهِأُخْرَىٰفَإِذَاهُمْقِيَامٌيَنظُرُونَ
Reference 39:68ٱللَّهُٱلَّذِىجَعَلَلَكُمُٱلْأَرْضَقَرَارًاوَٱلسَّمَآءَبِنَآءًوَصَوَّرَكُمْفَأَحْسَنَصُوَرَكُمْوَرَزَقَكُممِّنَٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِذَٰلِكُمُٱللَّهُرَبُّكُمْفَتَبَارَكَٱللَّهُرَبُّٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
Reference 40:64وَنُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِذَٰلِكَيَوْمُٱلْوَعِيدِ
Reference 50:20هُوَٱللَّهُٱلْخَٰلِقُٱلْبَارِئُٱلْمُصَوِّرُلَهُٱلْأَسْمَآءُٱلْحُسْنَىٰيُسَبِّحُلَهُۥمَافِىٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِوَٱلْأَرْضِوَهُوَٱلْعَزِيزُٱلْحَكِيمُ
Reference 59:24خَلَقَٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِوَٱلْأَرْضَبِٱلْحَقِّوَصَوَّرَكُمْفَأَحْسَنَصُوَرَكُمْوَإِلَيْهِٱلْمَصِيرُ
Reference 64:3فَإِذَانُفِخَفِىٱلصُّورِنَفْخَةٌوَٰحِدَةٌ
Reference 69:13يَوْمَيُنفَخُفِىٱلصُّورِفَتَأْتُونَأَفْوَاجًا
Reference 78:18فِىٓأَىِّصُورَةٍمَّاشَآءَرَكَّبَكَ
Reference 82:8No published investigation cites this root yet. When one does, it appears here — the evidence links back to the argument.